2016년 하마 공세

2016 Hama offensive
2016년 하마 공세
시리아 내전과 러시아의 시리아 군사 개입의 일부
2016 Hama Offensive (Western Hama Governorate).svg
날짜.2016년 8월 29일 ~ 11월 6일
(2개월, 1주일, 1일)
위치
하마 주, 시리아
결과

부분 반란군 승리

교전국

준드 알 아크사 (10월 9일 이후 자바트 파테 알 샴의 일부)[1][2]

정복군[5]

정복군 밖의 외국인 무자헤딘

Syrian opposition 자유 시리아군[1]
샴 군단[13]

Syria 시리아 아랍 공화국

헤즈볼라[14]
SSNP[15]
이란의 준군사[16] 조직
border=no가디언즈 오브 더 던[17]
지원 대상자:
러시아(공습)

지휘관 및 리더
옴란 자바예레 [7]»
(준드 알 아크사 선임 지휘관)
아부 라얀 알함위 »[4]
(압나 알 샴의 지도자)
아부 자셈 [3]알 소라니
(압나 알 샴 상급 지휘관)
Emblem of the Jaish al-Fatah.svg 아부 알바라 알하마위[5]
(정복사령관의 군대)
Emblem of the Jaish al-Fatah.svg 아부 하이다르 [3]알 호마위
(정복사령관의 군대)
아부 모하마드 우즈베키 »[7]
(터키 이슬람당 상급 지휘관)
아부 오마르 아나톨 »[7]
(터키 이슬람당 사령관)
바젤 마르완 알 바크리 [27]»
(아즈나드 알 샴 돌격 부대 사령관)
아보 아흐마드 나예프 [28]»
(자바트 안사르 알딘 사령관)
아부 말렉 알함위 »[4]
(주누드 알 샴 최고 사령관)
Logo of the Army of Glory.png 자밀[29] 살레 소령
Logo of the Army of Glory.png 마흐무드[30] 알마흐무드
(자이시 알-이자 사령관과 대변인)
Logo of the Army of Glory.png 아부[31] 키난
(자이시 알-이자 사령관)
Logo of the Army of Glory.png 모하메드 알-아슈카르 [6]1세
(자이시 알-이자 지휘관, 주장)
Logo of the Army of Glory.png 무스타파[32] 마라티 선장
(자이시 알-이자 사령관)
아부[33] 아흐메드
(야시 알 나스르 사령관)
바삼아보두라이드 [citation needed]»
(야시 알 나스르 사령관)
바하아 알 니잘
(하마 북부 작전 지휘관 자이시 알 파루크)
아드난 하바바 »[35]
(제이시 알 파루크 사령관)
나예프 알-자르 아부 [36]아흐마드
(샴 군단장)		 수힐 알 하산[37] 소령
(작업주임자)
알리 할루프 준장 »[38]
(11사단장)
알리 샤라프 마클루프 소령 [39]»
(87기계화여단장)
제너럴 파들 알 딘 마이카일[citation needed] />
(시리아군 사령관)
모하메드 알리 하비브 준장 »[40]
(시리아군 사령관)
알리 샤힌[41] 대령
(팬터 포스 지휘관)[42]
푸아드 알 살라 †[43]
(레퍼드 부대 사령관)
하산 마후드[44]
(군사보안사령관)
오사마 자맘 »[45]
(알 아사드 방패 지휘관)
다리우시 도로스테이 †[46]
(이란 사령관)
관련 유닛

Syrian opposition 자유 시리아군

시리아군

SSNP

힘
전투기 5,500대[58] (친정부 주장)

4,000 [41][53]이상

  • 1,000명 이상의 정규군[39]
  • 2,000명 이상의 타이거 포스[59] 병사
'수백[14]'
사상자 및 손실
217명 이상[18][31][60][61][62][63][64] 사망84명 이상 사망(20명 사망),[64][65][66][67] 헬기 1대 격추[68]
민간인[69] 27명 사망 (2명 [70]처형)
10만 명의 이재민[71]

반군에 [29]의한 신을 위한 전투로 코드명된 2016년 하마 공세는 시리아 내전 당시 시리아 반군이 알레포시 [48]반군에 대한 압박을 완화하기 위해 하마주 북부 지역에서 시작한 군사 공격 작전이다.

공세

반란군이 진격하다

작전은 8월 29일 2대의 준드 알 아크사가 알 라타미나 마을 인근 시리아군 검문소를 향해 자살폭탄 테러로 시작됐다.격렬한 전투가 이어졌고, 그 후 반란군은 재빨리 몇몇 마을을 점령했다.지역 친정부 성향의 국방군 민병대가 갑작스럽게 조정되지 않은 퇴각으로 보내졌고, 이로 인해 반군은 [1]할파야 마을을 점령했다.

이후 24시간 동안 시리아 공군은 52번의 [1]공습을 감행해 최소 20명의 [31]반군이 사망했고, 얼마 지나지 않아 한 마을을 일시적으로 탈환한 뒤 다시 [1]한 번 밀려났다.8월 30일 저녁 반군은 타이바트 알 이맘 [72]마을과 인근 마을 [73]2곳을 점령했다.다음날, 반란군은 수란 마을에 진입하는데 성공했지만, 마을의 [13]중심을 점령하는 데 실패하여 결국 뒤로 밀렸다.하지만, 4시간 후, 두 번째 반란군의 공격이 시작되었고, 결국 반란군은 수란을 [74]점령했다.이후 준드 알 아크사가 이끄는 반군들은 알라위트족 마을인 마안을 공격하기 시작했으며, 마을 북쪽에는 작은 장벽이 있고 [51][75]동쪽에는 검문소 4개가 있다고 주장했다.

9월 1일, 반군은 마르디스 마을과 인근 [76][77]마을을 점령했다.마아디스에서 진격하는 동안 반군은 러시아군이 사용하려고 [78]준비 중인 미사일 기지를 점령했다.그 후 4일 동안,[77][79][80][81][82][83] 그 도시를 탈환하기 위해 여러 차례의 육군 반격이 실패로 돌아갔다.같은 시각, [60]마안, 카와브[16], 주바인 마을에 대한 반군의 공격은 정부군에 [57]의해 격퇴되었다.

9월 2일, 그 지역의 저공 비행하는 아에로스파티알 가젤이 자이시 알-이자 BGM-71 TOW [68][84]미사일에 의해 공중에서 파괴되었다.다음 날 시리아군은 일시적으로 삼암 [85]언덕을 탈환했다가 이날 [86]오후 다시 빼앗겼다.이틀 후, 정부군은 캄하나 마을을 내려다보는 두 개의 언덕을 점령하고 반군을 마을 [52]외곽에서 철수시켰다.

군대의 반격, 새로운 반란군 진격과 교착상태

9월 6일 시리아군은 마안과 인근 카라 마을에 대한 반군의 공격을 격퇴했다.그 과정에서 시리아 육군은 Btaysh [87]마을을 탈환했다.9월 7일, 시리아 육군과 NDF 부대는 마아디스와 타이바트 알 이맘에 대한 새로운 공격을 개시해,[88] 9월 [89]9일까지 3개의 마을을 탈환했다.

9월 11일, 육군 진지에 대한 자살 공격에 이어, 반군은 카와브를 [90]점령했다.9월 13일부터 14일까지 반군은 마아디스와 마안 근처에서 여러 차례 공격을 가해 검문소를 장악했지만, 마을에 대한 공격은 정부에 의해 [91][92][93]격퇴된 것으로 알려졌다.

9월 15일 현재 반군은 지난 2주간의 실적에 이어 하마시에 [94]도달하기 위한 2단계 공세를 개시할 준비를 하고 있다.동시에,[95][96] 정부군은 그들이 잃은 모든 영토를 되찾기 위해 반격에 동원되었다.

반란군의 추가 이득

육군은 9월 21일 반격을 개시하여 마아디스 동쪽 끝의 언덕 꼭대기와 여러 농장을 점령했다.반군은 전투 중에[97][98] 4대의 육군 탱크를 파괴했으며 20명의 [65]군인을 생포하여 처형했다고 주장했다.다음 날, 군대는 마아디스 근처의 [99]여러 농장을 점령했다.그러나 9월 23일, 반군은 [100]반격 중에 정부의 모든 이득을 뒤집었고, 이스칸다리아 [100][101]마을을 누가 지배하고 있는지에 대한 상반된 보고가 있었다.같은 날 러시아 전투기가 타이바트 알 이맘 동굴에 있는 반군 본부를 폭격해 자유 이들리브군 [61][102]소속 반군 전사 22명이 사망했다.

9월 24일 반군은 짧은 [103][104]전투 끝에 마안과 알-카바리야를 점령했다.시리아 육군은 이후 소규모 반격에 나서 알-카바리야에 재진입했다.[105]

9월 27일, 반란군은 다시 한 번 진격하여 6개의 마을을 [106]더 점령했다.9월 28일 시리아 육군에 따르면 준드 알 아크사는 친정부 수비대에게 화학무기를 사용, 카라흐를 [33][107]공격하고 점령했다.반군의 진격에 대응하여, 몇몇 친정부 부대가 하마 지방에[54][108] 증원군으로 파견되었고, 곧 정부군이 새로운 [109]반격을 발표했다.9월 29일까지 반군은 42개의 마을, 마을,[19] 언덕을 점령했다.한편, 다라이야 출신의 반란군 아흐라 다라이야(Ahrar Darayya)는 Jaysh al-Nasr과 합병해 하마 [49]북부에서 전투에 참가했다.

10월 6일, '레퍼드 민병대'의 저명한 지도자 푸아드 알 살라가 하마 [43]북부에서 살해되었다고 보도되었다.

육군의 반격과 정부 장악

10월 8일, 인근 이들리브 [110]주에서 반란군의 내전을 틈타, 육군은 반격을 개시하여 10개의 마을(카라 포함), 몇 개의 언덕,[111][112] 두 개의 검문소, 그리고 [2]비행장을 탈환했다.군은 인근 마을, 특히 마안을 향해 [111]계속 진격했고, 러시아군의 공습은 카와캅을 [113]출발하는 소형 호송차량에 직격탄을 날렸다.

10월 9일, 육군은 카와캅의 [115]일부뿐만 아니라 두 마을(마안과 쿠바리야)[114]을 추가로 탈환했다.마안을 [116]위한 전투가 그날 밤 늦게 다시 벌어졌고, 다음날 두 마을은 다시 반란군에 [117]점령되었다.그 후 정부군은 [118]마안에 대한 새로운 공격을 시작했고 인근 카와캅과 함께 마을은 공습으로 [119]큰 타격을 입었다.10월 11일, 육군은 Kawkab과 Kubbariyah를 다시 [120][121]한번 점령했다.카와카브에 대한 반군의 반격은 [122]격퇴되었고 반군은 많은 사상자를 [123][124][125]낸 것으로 알려졌다.이틀 후, 육군은 마안과 인근 [22][126][127]언덕을 점령했다.

10월 16일, 정부군은 마르디스와 이스칸다랴 [128][129]마을을 점령했다.이러한[130] 진격은 전날 육군 부대가 인근 알-아브바다 언덕을 [131]장악하고 마아디스에 대한 사격 통제권을 확립한 이후 이루어졌다.반군은 이후 해가 지기 전에 반격을 가해 마르디스와 이스칸다리아를 [132][133]모두 되찾으려 했다.저녁까지 전투가 계속되면서 마아디스에 [134]대한 정부의 통제는 여전히 미약했다.다음날이 되자 반격은 [135]격퇴되었다.전투 중에 반군들은 마을을[136] 다시 [64]잃기 전에 일시적으로 되찾았다.

10월 18일 새벽, 정부군이 마을 [138][139]근처의 기지를 점령하면서 수란에 대한 육군의 공격이 시작되었다.[137]정부의 전진 시도는 다음날에도 [140]계속되었다.

10월 24일 새벽 살라미야 [141]인근 알-레멜리아 주변에서 충돌이 발생했고,[142] 정부는 반군으로부터 타이바트 알-이맘과 수란을 되찾기 위해 새로운 공격을 준비했다.그 후, 군대는 마안 서쪽과 수란 동쪽 외곽으로 진격하여 반군 [143]수비대원들과 격렬한 충돌을 일으켰다.다음 날, 군대는 마안 서쪽을 향해 진격했고, [144][145]모렉의 핵심 도시를 향해 더 나아간 후 다라트 알 피타스, 탈라트 키르바트, 마다즈나 검문소를 탈환했다.한편 준드 알 아크사 전사들은 알 수 없는 이유로 [34]하마 북부 자이시 알 파루크 지휘관 바하 알 니잘을 처형했다.10월 27일, 정부군은 탈 알 [146]두르 언덕 정상을 점령한 후 소란으로 진격했고, 치열한 전투가 벌어졌고, 반란군은 마을을 완전히 [25][147][148]보호할 수 있었다.한편, 타이바트 알 [149]이맘에서도 충돌이 일어났다.

10월 28일과 11월 4일 사이, 군대는 검문소,[150] 알-부와다 마을, 그리고 [26][151][152][153]몇몇 언덕을 점령하며 수란과 마안 북쪽을 향해 진격했다.11월 4일, 군대는 계속 진격하여 반군 거점인 모렉 [154][155]남쪽의 검문소 세 곳을 점령했다.

11월 5일, 군대는 모렉 [156]남쪽의 레하야 마을에서 진격했다.동시에 반군은 반격에 나서 말데 [157][158][159]북쪽의 검문소와 샬류트 마을을 점령했다.하지만, 그 후, 군사 증원군이 도착한 후, 정부군은 잃어버린 [160][161]모든 영토를 되찾았다.그러나 11월 6일 반군은 모렉 남쪽 언덕과 검문소 2곳을 [162][163]탈환하는 데 성공했다.

여파

참고 항목: 2017 하마 공세

11월 24일 시리아군은 반군의 [164]공격으로 그들을 잃은 지 불과 며칠 만에 마안 근처의 작은 마을과 언덕 꼭대기를 탈환했다.

2017년 3월 21일 타흐리르 알 샴이 이끄는 반군 집단은 2016년 SAA에 의해 탈환된 수란과 마아디스 마을을 탈환하기 위해 하마 북부에서 다시 공세를 개시했다.공세는 두 대의 자살 차량 [165]폭탄이 발사되면서 시작되었다.

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레퍼런스

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