국립현충원 소장 동상
Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection
국립상무관 소장품은 미국 각 주에서 기증한 동상을 소장하고 있으며, 각 주의 역사에서 주목할 만한 인물들을 묘사하고 있습니다.워싱턴 D.C.에 있는 국립 통계청과 미국 국회의사당의 다른 부분에 전시된, 그 컬렉션은 현재 하나를 가지고 있는 버지니아를 제외하고 각 주에서 두 개의 조각상을 포함하여 총 99개를 만듭니다.
1864년 7월 2일, 의회는 국립 동상 홀을 설립했습니다: "[주]는 각 주마다 2개를 넘지 않는 대리석 또는 청동으로 된 시민상을 제공하고 제공할 수 있습니다.역사적으로 유명하거나 각 주와 같은 뛰어난 시민 또는 군사적 서비스로 유명합니다."라고 말했습니다.[1]최초의 조각상은 1870년에 설치되었고, 1971년까지 모든 주에서 최소 한 개의 조각상이 소장되었습니다.1933년, 의회는 하원 동시 결의안 47호를 통과시켰는데, 이 결의안은 각 주를 조각상 하나로 제한했습니다.다른 것들은 국회의사당 건물 전체에 배포될 것입니다.[1]2000년에 의회는 주들이 그들의 동상을 대체할 수 있도록 법을 개정했습니다.[2]그 후 9개의 조각상이 철거되었습니다.
국립현충원 소장품은 청동 조각상 58점과 대리석 조각상 42점으로 구성되어 있습니다.여러 조각가들이 이 컬렉션을 위해 여러 조각상을 만들었는데, 가장 많이 조각한 사람은 찰스 헨리 니하우스(Charles Henry Niehaus)로, 이 컬렉션에서 현재와 이전에 여덟 개의 조각상을 조각했습니다.이 컬렉션에는 11명의 여성들의 조각상이 포함되어 있는데, 그들 중 한 명인 메리 맥레오드 베튠(플로리다), 두 명의 히스패닉 혈통인 데니스 차베스(뉴멕시코)와 세인트 주니페로 세라(캘리포니아), 한 명의 하와이 원주민, 카메하메하 1세(하와이), 그리고 여섯 명의 미국 인디언들이 있습니다.또한 천주교 성직자 5명과 의사 또는 의학자 5명도 대표로 있습니다.최근 몇 년 동안 낸시 펠로시 전 미국 하원의장을 포함한 많은 사람들이 남부연합 지도자들에게 헌정된 동상들이 문제가 있다고 지적하고 철거를 요구했습니다.[3][4]현재 소장품에는 6명의 남부연합 인물과 로버트 E 장군에게 헌정된 3개의 남부연합 동상이 포함되어 있습니다. 리(버지니아), 자베즈 라마 먼로 커리(앨라바마), 에드먼드 커비 스미스(플로리다) 장군은 제거됐습니다.[5]의회나 의사당 건축가가 아닌 동상을 보낸 주들만이 철거할 수 있습니다.[6]
조각상
현재의
예전의
주 | 동상[note 1] | 이미지 | 중간의 | 조각가 | 배치년도 | 교체년도 | 대체 사용자 | 위치 | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
앨라배마 주 | 자베즈 라마 먼로 커리 동상 | ![]() | 대리석 | 단테 소디니 | 1908 | 2009 | 헬렌 켈러 동상 | 앨라배마주 몽고메리 | [106] |
애리조나 주 | 존 캠벨 그린웨이 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | 구트존보르글룸 | 1930 | 2015 | 배리 골드워터의 동상 | 피닉스, 애리조나 | [107] [108] |
캘리포니아 | 토마스 스타 킹의 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | 헤이그 파티기안 | 1931 | 2009 | 로널드 레이건의 동상 | 새크라멘토 | [109] |
플로리다 주 | 에드먼드 커비 스미스 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | C. 아드리안 필라르스 | 1922 | 2021 | 메리 맥레오드 베튠의 동상 | 탈라해시 | [110] [111] |
아이오와 주 | 제임스 할런의 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | 넬리 워커 | 1910 | 2014 | 노르만 볼라우그 동상 | 마운트 플레전트, 아이오와 | [112] [113] |
캔자스. | 조지 워싱턴 글리크 동상 | – | 대리석 | 찰스 헨리 니하우스 | 1914 | 2003 | 드와이트 D의 동상. 아이젠하워 | 토페카 | [114] |
캔자스. | 존 제임스 잉걸스의 동상 | ![]() | 대리석 | 찰스 헨리 네이하우스 | 1905 | 2022 | 아멜리아 이어하트 동상 | 토페카 | [115] |
미시간 주 | 자카리아 챈들러 동상 | ![]() | 대리석 | 찰스 헨리 니하우스 | 해당 없음 | 2011 | 제럴드 포드 동상 | 랜싱 | [116] |
미주리 주 | 토마스 하트 벤튼 동상 | ![]() | 대리석 | 알렉산더 도일 | 1899 | 2022 | 해리 S상 트루먼 | 컬럼비아, 미주리 | [117][118] |
네브래스카 주 | 윌리엄 제닝스 브라이언 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | 루덜프 에반스 | 1937 | 2019 | 서 있는 곰상 | 네브래스카주 슈워드 | [6] [119] |
오하이오 주 | 윌리엄 앨런 동상 | ![]() | 대리석 | 찰스 헨리 니하우스 | 1887 | 2016 | 토마스 에디슨 동상 | 칠리코테 | [120] |
버지니아 주 | 로버트 E. 리 동상 | ![]() | 브론즈 | 에드워드 버진리우스 발렌타인 | 1909 | 2020 | 바바라 로즈 존스 동상 (미래) | 리치먼드, 버지니아 | [121] [122] |
참고 항목
참고 및 참고 자료
메모들
참고문헌
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외부 링크
- 국립현충원 소장품 정보 – 국회의사당 건축가
- 국립현충원 위치별 컬렉션 – 의사당 건축가